1 Samuel 17:42

Authorized King James Version

And when the Philistine looked about, and saw David, he disdained him: for he was but a youth, and ruddy, and of a fair countenance.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיַּבֵּ֧ט
looked about
to scan, i.e., look intently at; by implication, to regard with pleasure, favor or care
#2
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛י
And when the Philistine
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
#3
וַיִּרְאֶ֥ה
and saw
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#4
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#5
דָּוִ֖ד
David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#6
וַיִּבְזֵ֑הוּ
he disdained
to disesteem
#7
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#8
הָיָ֣ה
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#9
נַ֔עַר
him for he was but a youth
(concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latit
#10
וְאַדְמֹנִ֖י
and ruddy
reddish (of the hair or the complexion)
#11
עִם
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#12
יְפֵ֥ה
and of a fair
beautiful (literally or figuratively)
#13
מַרְאֶֽה׃
countenance
a view (the act of seeing); also an appearance (the thing seen), whether (real) a shape (especially if handsome, comeliness; often plural the looks),

Analysis

Within the broader context of 1 Samuel, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 1 Samuel.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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